Table 4 Decomposition of the gender wage gap at selected quantiles, 2007
From: Two tales of contraction: gender wage gap in Georgia before and after the 2008 crisis
Variables | Composition | Structure | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mean | 10th | 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | mean | 10th | 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | |
Vocationala | -0.0269 | 0.0150 | 0.0471 | -0.0598 | -0.0475 | -0.0352 | 0.0274 | -0.0326 | -0.00857 | 0.0587 | 0.0513 | 0.0177 |
(0.0223) | (0.0420) | (0.0457) | (0.0422) | (0.0437) | (0.0470) | (0.0341) | (0.0667) | (0.0560) | (0.0500) | (0.0525) | (0.0587) | |
Higher education | -0.0692 | 0.147 | 0.0686 | -0.131 | -0.0366 | -0.185* | -0.144 | -0.459*** | -0.214 | 0.0362 | -0.219 | -0.120 |
(0.0599) | (0.109) | (0.118) | (0.106) | (0.110) | (0.0987) | (0.0914) | (0.171) | (0.153) | (0.127) | (0.139) | (0.158) | |
Age | -1.860 | -3.785 | -4.741 | -4.496 | 4.209 | -0.997 | 4.147* | 6.572* | 5.832 | 5.361 | 0.322 | 1.242 |
(1.762) | (2.957) | (3.800) | (3.237) | (3.181) | (2.605) | (2.333) | (3.699) | (4.046) | (3.618) | (3.855) | (3.731) | |
Age squared | 1.146 | 2.030 | 2.669 | 2.582 | -2.011 | 0.689 | -2.435** | -3.831* | -3.420 | -3.014 | -0.228 | -0.815 |
(0.943) | (1.611) | (1.991) | (1.701) | (1.668) | (1.367) | (1.233) | (2.019) | (2.124) | (1.907) | (2.020) | (1.929) | |
Marriage | -0.0147 | 0.179 | -0.104 | 0.0525 | -0.108 | 0.134 | 0.100 | -0.0421 | 0.190* | 0.00387 | 0.0810 | -0.0383 |
(0.0556) | (0.125) | (0.114) | (0.106) | (0.0922) | (0.0993) | (0.0649) | (0.129) | (0.110) | (0.102) | (0.0965) | (0.0965) | |
High-skill blue-collarb | 0.0244** | 0.0482** | 0.0524*** | 0.0228 | 0.00811 | -0.00778 | 0.00712 | -0.0157 | -0.00277 | 0.0134 | 0.0173* | 0.0132 |
(0.0102) | (0.0241) | (0.0193) | (0.0184) | (0.0157) | (0.0186) | (0.00658) | (0.0207) | (0.0113) | (0.00860) | (0.0103) | (0.0121) | |
Low-skill white-collar | -0.0310 | -0.0660 | -0.0741* | -0.0977** | 0.0229 | 0.0460 | -0.0145 | 0.0647 | -0.0265 | 0.0321 | -0.0604 | -0.0594 |
(0.0224) | (0.0560) | (0.0411) | (0.0387) | (0.0465) | (0.0400) | (0.0390) | (0.0976) | (0.0585) | (0.0503) | (0.0602) | (0.0670) | |
High-skill white-collar | -0.0732 | -0.278 | -0.0895 | -0.0549 | -0.233 | -0.0625 | 0.000817 | 0.151 | -0.232 | 0.0380 | 0.241 | 0.0263 |
(0.0815) | (0.195) | (0.137) | (0.135) | (0.185) | (0.132) | (0.120) | (0.353) | (0.187) | (0.164) | (0.203) | (0.187) | |
Miningc | 0.00781*** | 0.00846*** | 0.00750*** | 0.00907*** | 0.00747* | 0.0116* | 0.000552*** | -0.000422 | -0.000400 | 0.000559** | 0.00100*** | 0.00159*** |
(0.00201) | (0.00257) | (0.00288) | (0.00308) | (0.00393) | (0.00639) | (0.000167) | (0.000465) | (0.000384) | (0.000281) | (0.000371) | (0.000601) | |
Manufacturing | 0.0225** | 0.0227 | 0.0264 | 0.0492*** | 0.000308 | -0.0158 | 0.0137 | 0.0168 | 0.0132 | 0.0127 | 0.00885 | 0.0201 |
(0.0101) | (0.0315) | (0.0261) | (0.0188) | (0.0167) | (0.0182) | (0.00908) | (0.0235) | (0.0178) | (0.0139) | (0.0139) | (0.0181) | |
Utilities | 0.00740* | 0.00487 | 0.00480 | 0.00851 | 0.00439 | 0.00954 | 0.00390* | 0.00275 | 0.00266 | -0.00134 | 0.00242 | 0.00921** |
(0.00389) | (0.00989) | (0.00668) | (0.00582) | (0.00611) | (0.00794) | (0.00230) | (0.00421) | (0.00348) | (0.00324) | (0.00456) | (0.00398) | |
Construction | 0.0586*** | 0.0637** | 0.0602** | 0.0778*** | 0.0367** | 0.0367* | 0.00127 | -0.00127 | 0.00620 | 0.000567 | -0.000519 | 0.00480 |
(0.0122) | (0.0290) | (0.0236) | (0.0197) | (0.0174) | (0.0214) | (0.00525) | (0.00926) | (0.00813) | (0.00616) | (0.00703) | (0.0119) | |
Trade | 0.0147 | -0.00465 | 0.0146 | 0.0670** | 0.000638 | -0.0621** | 0.0476 | -0.00749 | 0.0456 | 0.0238 | 0.0675 | 0.0942 |
(0.0171) | (0.0327) | (0.0330) | (0.0334) | (0.0340) | (0.0306) | (0.0293) | (0.0664) | (0.0517) | (0.0433) | (0.0528) | (0.0600) | |
Hotels and restaurants | 0.00193 | 0.00164 | -0.00351 | 0.0127 | -0.0168 | 0.00250 | -0.00352 | -0.0106 | 0.000885 | -0.00606 | 0.000365 | -0.00883 |
(0.00541) | (0.00899) | (0.00915) | (0.00967) | (0.0120) | (0.00884) | (0.00835) | (0.0154) | (0.0134) | (0.0127) | (0.0160) | (0.0155) | |
Transport | 0.0307*** | 0.0563** | 0.0326* | 0.0452*** | 0.0131 | -0.00432 | -0.00886 | -0.00812 | -0.00390 | -0.00945 | -0.0114 | -0.0110 |
(0.00853) | (0.0226) | (0.0184) | (0.0134) | (0.0124) | (0.0131) | (0.00731) | (0.0127) | (0.00951) | (0.00776) | (0.00950) | (0.0188) | |
Finance | 0.00263 | 0.00295 | 0.00875 | 0.0181** | -0.00321 | -0.0181 | -0.00671 | 0.00598 | 0.00282 | -0.00983 | -0.0148 | -0.0363 |
(0.00501) | (0.00904) | (0.0115) | (0.00922) | (0.0119) | (0.0150) | (0.0118) | (0.0189) | (0.0165) | (0.0114) | (0.0144) | (0.0295) | |
Real estate | 0.00784 | 0.0128 | 0.00906 | 0.0215* | -0.00389 | -0.00546 | 0.0256** | 0.0218 | 0.0400** | 0.0212 | 0.0120 | 0.0164 |
(0.00575) | (0.0136) | (0.0129) | (0.0128) | (0.0173) | (0.0132) | (0.0113) | (0.0242) | (0.0184) | (0.0146) | (0.0195) | (0.0244) | |
Public adm and defense | 0.0483*** | 0.0519 | 0.0322 | 0.0756*** | 0.0612** | -0.0160 | 0.0224 | 0.0316 | 0.0323 | 0.00678 | -0.0105 | 0.0290 |
(0.0124) | (0.0344) | (0.0280) | (0.0246) | (0.0303) | (0.0308) | (0.0146) | (0.0325) | (0.0224) | (0.0200) | (0.0283) | (0.0400) | |
Education | 0.0373 | -0.0912 | -0.0465 | 0.109 | 0.161** | 0.0357 | 0.143** | 0.192 | 0.202 | 0.0772 | 0.0380 | 0.163 |
(0.0418) | (0.0956) | (0.0947) | (0.0851) | (0.0774) | (0.0656) | (0.0622) | (0.177) | (0.131) | (0.112) | (0.109) | (0.111) | |
Health & social work | 0.0801*** | 0.0180 | 0.0715 | 0.0809 | 0.109** | 0.0963** | -0.00158 | 0.0688 | 0.0161 | 0.00631 | -0.0847 | -0.0544 |
(0.0310) | (0.0570) | (0.0609) | (0.0528) | (0.0496) | (0.0446) | (0.0418) | (0.108) | (0.0779) | (0.0629) | (0.0626) | (0.0698) | |
Culture | 0.00356 | -0.0105 | 0.0139 | -0.00158 | 0.00810 | 0.00259 | 0.00401 | 0.00910 | 0.00756 | 0.00818 | -0.0214 | -0.00951 |
(0.00616) | (0.0155) | (0.0150) | (0.0146) | (0.0148) | (0.0122) | (0.0105) | (0.0239) | (0.0206) | (0.0173) | (0.0203) | (0.0171) | |
Private households | 0.00631 | 0.00469 | -0.000129 | 0.0238* | 0.0129* | 0.00120 | -4.35e-05 | -0.00394 | 0.00819 | -0.0166 | -0.0183 | 0.00818 |
(0.00566) | (0.00759) | (0.00778) | (0.0135) | (0.00762) | (0.00531) | (0.00699) | (0.0134) | (0.0105) | (0.0139) | (0.0118) | (0.00811) | |
International org | 0.00133* | -0.000304 | 0.00130 | -0.00103 | 0.00301* | 0.00126 | -0.00111 | 0.00443 | 0.00142 | 0.00167 | -0.00323 | -0.00531 |
(0.000762) | (0.000767) | (0.000888) | (0.00217) | (0.00179) | (0.000943) | (0.00253) | (0.00451) | (0.00216) | (0.00261) | (0.00234) | (0.00365) | |
State | 0.0613 | 0.116 | 0.180 | 0.0852 | -0.0179 | -0.0527 | -0.0141 | -0.153 | -0.0662 | 0.0210 | 0.0447 | 0.0759 |
(0.0573) | (0.104) | (0.122) | (0.106) | (0.110) | (0.0848) | (0.0851) | (0.140) | (0.145) | (0.125) | (0.134) | (0.135) | |
Urban | 0.0319 | 0.478*** | 0.133 | -0.0262 | -0.136 | -0.0357 | 0.0532 | -0.368* | -0.0109 | 0.197 | 0.146 | 0.0982 |
(0.0748) | (0.170) | (0.193) | (0.147) | (0.0953) | (0.103) | (0.0930) | (0.191) | (0.204) | (0.153) | (0.107) | (0.131) | |
Tbilisi | -0.0835* | -0.0986 | -0.0198 | -0.147* | -0.0881 | -0.0929 | 0.0877 | 0.165* | 0.0167 | 0.113 | 0.0801 | -0.0167 |
(0.0458) | (0.0819) | (0.0970) | (0.0838) | (0.0781) | (0.0847) | (0.0607) | (0.0969) | (0.106) | (0.0964) | (0.0915) | (0.109) | |
Georgian | 0.183 | 0.0552 | 0.427* | 0.441** | 0.120 | 0.174 | -0.0439 | -0.170 | -0.210 | -0.238 | 0.0644 | 0.0226 |
(0.114) | (0.192) | (0.230) | (0.212) | (0.166) | (0.143) | (0.126) | (0.218) | (0.258) | (0.209) | (0.186) | (0.179) | |
21 – 40 hoursd | -0.0766* | 0.0828 | -0.173 | -0.160** | -0.0820 | -0.0475 | 0.0527 | -0.0533 | 0.250 | 0.108 | -0.0101 | -0.0205 |
(0.0442) | (0.177) | (0.135) | (0.0747) | (0.0517) | (0.0534) | (0.0664) | (0.214) | (0.161) | (0.0817) | (0.0651) | (0.0606) | |
40 + hours | 0.0902** | 0.591*** | 0.131 | -0.00307 | -0.156* | -0.187** | 0.0701 | -0.0793 | 0.202 | 0.125 | 0.0939 | 0.0705 |
(0.0444) | (0.210) | (0.118) | (0.0835) | (0.0927) | (0.0948) | (0.0578) | (0.195) | (0.148) | (0.0792) | (0.0885) | (0.0842) | |
Seasonal hours | 0.0363*** | 0.0874*** | 0.0451*** | 0.0307*** | 0.0138 | 0.000465 | 0.00484 | 0.00408 | 0.0153* | 0.00341 | 0.000788 | 0.000823 |
(0.00732) | (0.0240) | (0.0130) | (0.00978) | (0.00851) | (0.00977) | (0.00341) | (0.00938) | (0.00842) | (0.00513) | (0.00473) | (0.00346) | |
Constant | 0.656 | 0.585 | 1.637 | 1.743 | -1.583 | 1.002 | -1.885* | -1.680 | -2.470 | -2.786 | -0.194 | -0.525 |
(0.824) | (1.461) | (1.917) | (1.573) | (1.566) | (1.257) | (1.140) | (1.770) | (2.020) | (1.768) | (1.920) | (1.831) | |
Residual | 0.0716 | -0.00996 | 0.0546 | 0.0559 | 0.130* | 0.0816 | -0.0716 | 0.00695 | -0.0666 | -0.0786 | -0.0961 | -0.0814 |
(0.0591) | (0.0708) | (0.0897) | (0.0878) | (0.0727) | (0.0900) | (0.0612) | (0.0688) | (0.0895) | (0.0885) | (0.082) | (0.0971) | |
Diff | 0.3634*** | 0.3431*** | 0.4055*** | 0.3857*** | 0.3497*** | 0.3362*** | 0.2650*** | 0.3500*** | 0.1899 | 0.2280* | 0.3434 | 0.1893* |
(0.0451) | (0.0831) | (0.1111) | (0.1139) | (0.0850) | (0.0872) | (0.0497) | (0.0971) | (0.1208) | (0.1207) | (0.0984) | (0.1077) | |
Total | 0.6284*** | 0.6931*** | 0.5953*** | 0.6137*** | 0.6931*** | 0.5254*** | ||||||
(0.0275) | (0.0500) | (0.0583) | (0.0616) | (0.0488) | (0.0840) | |||||||