From: Safety valve or sinkhole? Vocational schooling in South Africa
Variable | N | Mean | S.D. | Variable | N | Mean | S.D. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: individuals | Panel B: person-years | ||||||
Female | 2,927 | 0.55 | 0.50 | Enrollment | |||
Black | 2,927 | 0.35 | 0.48 | Academic | 23,997 | 0.37 | 0.48 |
Coloured | 2,927 | 0.65 | 0.48 | Vocational | 23,997 | 0.02 | 0.14 |
Age, Wave 1 | 2,927 | 18.1 | 2.4 | Wage | 3,840 | 27,183 | 21,090 |
Literacy and numeracy z-score | 2,927 | -0.10 | 0.83 | Employed | 14,454 | 0.25 | 0.44 |
Ever enrolled in: | Formal job acquisition | 1,297 | 0.28 | 0.45 | |||
Any vocational | 2,927 | 0.09 | 0.29 | Failed last grade | |||
Vocational secondary | 2,927 | 0.04 | 0.20 | Any program | 23,997 | 0.30 | 0.46 |
Vocational post-secondary | 2,927 | 0.05 | 0.23 | Academic | 23,997 | 0.29 | 0.46 |
Completed schooling (years), conditional on enrollment: | Vocational | 23,997 | 0.01 | 0.10 | |||
All schooling | 2,927 | 11.4 | 1.6 | Previous grades failed | |||
Academic | 2,927 | 11.3 | 1.6 | Any program | 23,997 | 0.63 | 0.86 |
Any vocational | 264 | 0.8 | 0.8 | Academic | 23,997 | 0.62 | 0.85 |
Vocational secondary | 118 | 0.2 | 0.5 | Vocational | 23,997 | 0.00 | 0.06 |
Vocational post-secondary | 149 | 0.8 | 0.9 | Not employed last period | 23,997 | 0.86 | 0.34 |
Vocational enrollees ever enrolled in: | Previous periods employed | 23,997 | 0.42 | 0.94 | |||
Academic secondary | 118 | 0.97 | 0.17 | Household shocks | |||
Academic post-secondary | 149 | 0.39 | 0.49 | All | 2,015 | 0.16 | 0.37 |
Health | 2,015 | 0.09 | 0.28 | ||||
Financial | 2,015 | 0.08 | 0.28 | ||||
Pension-eligible grandmother | 23,997 | 0.13 | 0.33 | ||||
Pension-eligible grandfather | 23,997 | 0.04 | 0.20 | ||||
Pregnancy | 14,053 | 0.02 | 0.15 | ||||
Marriage | 14,053 | 0.01 | 0.11 |