Table 3 SUR Tobit estimation
Childcare | Domestic tasks | Paid work | Labour participation | Wage | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Husband | Wife | Husband | Wife | Husband | Wife | Husband | Wife | Husband | Wife | |
Constant | -2.4704 | -1.3490 | 2.6235 | 0.8920 | 3.3917*** | 4.1657*** | 0.4759 | -4.8002*** | 3.0383*** | 1.8864 |
(2.2833) | (2.1725) | (1.9897) | (1.0965) | (.63356) | (.83443) | (1.9652) | (1.6746) | (.74643) | (1.2547) | |
Alcohol | -0.0973** | -0.0079 | 0.0011 | 0.0717 | 0.0168 | 0.0005 | 0.0378 | 0.0315 | ||
(.04751) | (.15193) | (.04072) | (.08889) | (.01363) | (.03917) | (.03354) | (.25665) | |||
Alcohol-partner | -0.0612 | -0.0649 | 0.1009 | -0.0182 | -0.0102 | 0.0055 | ||||
(.17791) | (.04909) | (.16485) | (.02012) | (.02972) | (.01292) | |||||
Occasional drinker | 0.2875*** | 0.2602*** | 0.0213 | 0.2328*** | ||||||
(.10298) | (.09161) | (.05861) | (.08779) | |||||||
Presence of nursery | 0.2220** | 0.1101 | 0.1015 | -0.0060 | 0.0059 | 0.0530* | 0.2354** | 0.3068*** | 0.2318*** | 0.1172 |
(.09292) | (.09385) | (.08241) | (.04067) | (.02411) | (.03018) | (0.1067) | (.09302) | (.05938) | (.10549) | |
Males/female ratio | -0.5220 | 0.1580 | -1.8410 | -0.2930 | 1.2559** | 0.0845 | 0.6353 | 0.4532 | ||
(1.7697) | (1.6817) | (1.6965) | (.71607) | (.54703) | (.59898) | (1.4627) | (1.487) | |||
Male/female wage ratio | 2.5636*** | 1.6303* | -0.0695 | 0.6723 | 0.0417 | -0.1316 | ||||
(.85723) | (.84098) | (0.7761) | (0.4211) | (.19615) | (.26162) | |||||
Average wage | 0.0226 | 0.0104 | 0.0061 | 0.0154* | -0.0139** | -0.0056 | -0.0025 | -0.0145 | ||
(.02217) | (.02155) | (.02025) | (.00848) | (.00606) | (.00652) | (.01056) | (.01715) | |||
Help with childcare | 0.1065 | 0.1359* | -0.0176 | -0.0340 | -0.0045 | 0.0138 | 0.1179 | 0.0996 | ||
(.08128) | (.08081) | (.06574) | (0.0267) | (.01713) | (.02067) | (.08511) | (.08261) | |||
Number of grandparents | 0.3474* | 0.1051 | -0.2256* | -0.2156*** | -0.0689 | 0.0387 | -0.2152 | -0.1534 | ||
(.20054) | (.21086) | (.12052) | (.06058) | (.05016) | (.05845) | (.19973) | (.19119) | |||
Age | -0.2966 | 0.0860 | 0.0073 | 0.0908 | 0.0090 | -0.1501 | 0.2021 | 2.6074*** | 0.4643 | 1.2394** |
(.45831) | (0.3836) | (.40631) | (.19774) | (.10083) | (.18565) | (0.5941) | (.46815) | (.31869) | (.61251) | |
Age squared | 0.0200 | -0.0399 | 0.0106 | -0.0118 | -0.0001 | 0.0167 | -0.0424 | -0.3543*** | -0.0636 | -0.1529 |
(.05946) | (0.0524) | (.05426) | (.02855) | (.01351) | (.02597) | (.07642) | (.06497) | (.04227) | (.09475) | |
Age ratio | 0.1530 | 0.0601 | 0.0248 | 0.2205* | -0.0054 | 0.1011 | ||||
(.28802) | (0.2829) | (.24641) | (.11664) | (.07074) | (.08344) | |||||
Wage rate | 0.1653*** | 0.0629** | 0.0820*** | -0.0077 | -0.0401 | -0.0021 | ||||
(.02927) | (.02763) | (.02797) | (.01196) | (.05082) | (.00839) | |||||
Wage rate - partner | 0.0531** | 0.1408*** | 0.1277*** | 0.1560*** | -0.0164*** | 0.0274 | ||||
(.02521) | (.02792) | (.02029) | (.01198) | (.00615) | (.05179) | |||||
Non-labour income | -0.0091 | 0.0072 | 0.0186* | 0.0027 | -0.0046 | -0.0043 | ||||
(.01243) | (.01183) | (.01071) | (.00528) | (.00285) | (.00359) | |||||
Primary education | -0.1410** | -0.1645 | ||||||||
(.06987) | (.11351) | |||||||||
Tertiary education | 0.0777 | 0.1695* | 0.1546* | 0.0124 | -0.0114 | -0.0319 | 0.0078 | 0.0104 | ||
(.10471) | (0.0935) | (.09346) | (.04059) | (.02297) | (.02807) | (.08135) | (.10996) | |||
Tertiary education - partner | 0.0908 | -0.0371 | -0.0512 | 0.0469 | 0.0202 | 0.0350 | ||||
(.09498) | (.09415) | (.07986) | (.04188) | (.02077) | (.02915) | |||||
Pregnant | 0.9923** | |||||||||
(.43138) | ||||||||||
Number of children [0–1] | 0.1190 | 0.3339* | -0.1292 | -0.3364** | ||||||
(.23312) | (.17092) | (.09264) | (.13405) | |||||||
Number of children [0–3] | 0.7903*** | 0.4580*** | 0.2182** | -0.1899*** | -0.0048 | -0.0241 | -0.1412 | -0.5732*** | ||
(.11242) | (.08873) | (.09068) | (0.0412) | (.02293) | (.03386) | (.14257) | (.12271) | |||
Number of children [4–6] | 0.5140*** | 0.4016*** | 0.0611 | 0.0754* | 0.0191 | 0.0266 | 0.1072 | 0.1366 | 0.0053 | -0.2427*** |
(.10317) | (.09974) | (.08489) | (.04281) | (.02234) | (.03155) | (.11866) | (.09601) | (.05592) | (.08659) | |
Non-Russian | -0.1540* | -0.3392*** | -0.0776 | 0.0309 | 0.0184 | 0.0167 | -0.1382 | -0.3769*** | ||
(.09169) | (.08075) | (.08378) | (.03984) | (.02526) | (0.0299) | (.15053) | (.12322) | |||
Bad health | 0.1299 | -0.3613 | -0.1640 | -0.0622 | -0.0561 | -0.1589 | -0.1622** | 0.1131 | ||
(.35899) | (.42834) | (.29125) | (.26532) | (.13324) | (.39767) | (.07518) | (.07532) | |||
N. of cigarettes | 0.0004 | 0.0097 | -0.0067* | 0.0010 | 0.0020* | 0.0028 | 0.0017 | -0.0277*** | -0.0097*** | 0.0148 |
(.00367) | (.00701) | (.00348) | (.00362) | (.00104) | (.00244) | (.00517) | (.00823) | (.00254) | (0.0104) | |
Pension (not retired) | 0.2441 | 0.4322 | -0.2520 | 0.1800 | -0.0108 | -0.0473 | ||||
(.23874) | (.33354) | (.18329) | (.24143) | (.06597) | (.17239) | |||||
Dimension of dwelling | -0.2221*** | -0.0717 | 0.0528 | 0.0022 | -0.0037 | -0.0118 | ||||
(.05602) | (.05409) | (.05795) | (.02301) | (0.0143) | (.01867) | |||||
Owner of dwelling | -0.1531 | 0.0549 | 0.0408 | -0.0004 | ||||||
(.11509) | (.09406) | (.05923) | (.08528) | |||||||
Region 1 (Metropolitan area) | -0.2783 | 0.0206 | -0.1243 | -0.4387 | 0.5077** | 0.0761 | 0.7092*** | -0.0894 | 0.7735** | 0.7359 |
(.79398) | (.77319) | (.72494) | (.30198) | (.22991) | (.24192) | (.24644) | (.14753) | (.35939) | (.59509) | |
Region 2 (Northern area) | -0.7659 | -0.0966 | -0.0949 | -0.3970 | 0.4676** | 0.1597 | 0.2667 | 0.4829** | 0.5052* | 0.6558 |
(.67548) | (.66009) | (.61927) | (.26159) | (0.1886) | (.20537) | (.19294) | (.19836) | (.30064) | (.48866) | |
Region 3 (Central area) | 0.8178*** | 0.3788 | 0.1882 | 0.2344** | -0.0859 | -0.0764 | 0.1561 | 0.0710 | 0.0470 | -0.0664 |
(.25745) | (.24344) | (.24919) | (.10998) | (0.0602) | (.07563) | (0.2337) | (.22816) | (.08147) | (.11721) | |
Region 4 (Volga) | 0.5802* | 0.4764 | 0.0215 | 0.3732*** | -0.1434* | -0.0675 | 0.2689* | 0.1229 | -0.1828 | -0.2506 |
(.30451) | (0.2932) | (.27678) | (.12313) | (.07561) | (.08869) | (.14719) | (.12529) | (.12893) | (0.1958) | |
Round 2 | 0.1999 | 0.2315 | 0.1192 | 0.0312 | ||||||
(.24159) | (.20336) | (.12315) | (.25126) | |||||||
Round 3 | -0.0783 | 0.1053 | 0.5002*** | 0.2038 | ||||||
(.26127) | (.20395) | (0.1282) | (.24058) | |||||||
Round 4 | -0.1593 | 0.0481 | 0.4897*** | 0.1240 | ||||||
(.21641) | (.16216) | (.10348) | (.20468) | |||||||