|
Variables
|
Number
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
Max
|
|---|
|
Dependent variablea
|
|
ENTYP
|
294,736
|
1.180350
|
0.473707
|
1
|
3
|
|
Financeb
|
|
CAPSHOR
|
294,736
|
0.324626
|
0.468236
|
0
|
1
|
|
Firm capabilitiesc
|
|
LINKAGE
|
294,736
|
0.276420
|
0.447228
|
0
|
1
|
|
ASSISTANCE
|
294,736
|
0.004402
|
0.066202
|
0
|
1
|
|
ACMAINT
|
294,736
|
0.038159
|
0.191581
|
0
|
1
|
|
REGIS
|
294,736
|
0.110029
|
0.312927
|
0
|
1
|
|
Locational variablesd
|
|
LOCATION
|
294,736
|
0.329175
|
0.469914
|
0
|
1
|
|
URBAN
|
294,736
|
0.313830
|
0.366611
|
0
|
1
|
|
TRANSPORT
|
294,736
|
0.820579
|
0.383705
|
0
|
1
|
|
DISTANCE
|
294,736
|
254.7668
|
179.2991
|
0
|
1010
|
|
Infrastructure and human capital variablese
|
|
ELEC
|
294,736
|
0.180913
|
0.384946
|
0
|
1
|
|
SHSCSTPOP
|
294,736
|
0.241005
|
0.115686
|
0.026295
|
0.942542
|
|
PRIMEDU
|
294,736
|
0.298052
|
0.063819
|
0.14919
|
1
|
|
MIDGRADEDU
|
294,736
|
0.243946
|
0.094608
|
0.068002
|
0.964556
|
|
ROADVILLG
|
281,606
|
0.663063
|
0.239142
|
0.129032
|
1
|
|
Other control variablesf
|
|
STATUS
|
294,736
|
0.211609
|
0.408450
|
0
|
1
|
- We applied frequency weights provided by the NSSO to compute descriptive statistics. Source: our calculations, from NSSO unit-level data for 2000–2001, 2005–2006 and 2010–2011 and the 2001 Census of India
-
aThe dependent variable ENTYP is an ordered categorical variable taking values 1 to 3 (1 = PHE, 2 = MHE and 3 = NHE) denoting the type of the firm
-
bFinance variable: CAPSHOR takes the value 1 if the firm faces a constraint and 0 if it does not
-
cVariables representing firm capabilities: LINKAGE is coded as 1 if the firms work for a contractor and 0 if they do not; ASSISTANCE takes the value 1 if the firms received any assistance from the training and towards marketing and 0 if they state that they did not receive any such assistance; ACMAINT assumes the value 1 if the firms maintain a regular account and 0 if not; and REGIS takes the value 1 if they have registered under any act and 0 if they did not
-
dLocational variables: LOCATION takes the value 1 if the firms are located in urban areas and 0 if they are located in rural areas; URBAN is a district-level measure representing the level of urbanisation in the district as measured by the share of urban population in total population; TRANSPORT takes the value 1 if a national highway or a broad-gauge line passes through the district and 0 if neither of them passes through the district; and DISTANCE signifies the remoteness of the district as captured by the distance of the district from the state capital
-
eHuman capital variables: ELEC takes the value 1 if it has access to electricity and 0 if it lacks access to it; SHSCSTPOP represents the proportion of SC/ST population in total population; PRIMEDU captures the proportion of individuals who are educated at the primary level or below; MIDGRADEDU stands for the proportion of individuals educated at the secondary level and above; and ROADVILLG represents the share of villages with paved approach road in total villages
-
fOther control variables: STATUS takes the value 1 if the firm has been expanding and 0 if the firm has been stagnant or contracting
