Female labor force participation and child education in India: evidence from the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

Farzana Afridi; Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay; Soham Sahoo

doi:10.1186/s40175-016-0053-y

IZA Journal of Labor & Development

Table 1 Summary statistics

From: Female labor force participation and child education in India: evidence from the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme

	2007			2009–2010
Variable	Obs.	Mean	Std. dev.	Obs.	Mean	Std. dev.
Child characteristics
Sex (female = 1, male = 0)	3275	0.51	0.50	3275	0.51	0.50
Age (years)	3275	8.35	3.01	3275	11.35	3.01
Enrolment	3275	0.79	0.41	3275	0.87	0.34
Time spent in school	3275	5.78	2.20	3275	6.93	2.64
Highest grade completed	2109	3.90	2.32	2109	6.27	2.57
Grade progression	2109	0.76	0.33	2109	0.78	0.22
Mother’s characteristics
Mother’s age (years)	3275	30.56	5.64	3275	33.52	5.59
Mother’s education (highest grade completed)	3270	1.86	3.28	3270	1.86	3.28
Whether mother is working	3275	0.69	0.46	3275	0.88	0.32
Whether mother has worked in NREGS	3272	0.28	0.45	3228	0.62	0.49
Father’s characteristics
Father’s age (years)	3127	36.34	6.36	3101	39.26	6.29
Father’s education (highest grade completed)	3126	3.91	4.51	3126	3.91	4.51
Whether father is working	3121	0.99	0.10	3095	0.98	0.14
Whether father has worked in NREGS	3121	0.25	0.43	3073	0.48	0.50
Household characteristics
Annual non-agricultural income (Rs.)	3275	28349	30452	3275	41404	46015
Annual agricultural income (Rs.)	3275	4100	21489	3275	8258	38656
Total income (Rs.)	3275	32449	36312	3275	49662	58843
Household size	3275	5.70	2.10	3275	5.71	2.19
Number of males in the age group 16–60	3275	1.31	0.81	3275	1.40	0.85
Average age of household members	3275	22.14	5.72	3275	24.56	5.62
Land owned by household (acres)	3275	2.11	3.21	3275	3.38	38.59
Asset index	3275	−0.60	1.49	3275	0.55	1.81
Region characteristics
Mandal level total night lights in 2006	3275	860.49	335.78	3275	860.49	335.78
Baseline enrolment rate in the district (2004–2005)	3275	0.92	0.07	3275	0.92	0.07
Instruments
Lagged rainfall shock	3275	1.71	0.78	3275	−0.02	0.65
Lagged amount of sanctioned NREGS funds in crores (Rs.)	3275	8.53	7.80	3275	10.59	5.56

Source: Young Lives data for all variables except Mandal level total night lights in 2006 (NOAA website), Baseline enrolment rate in the district (National Sample Survey 2004–2005), Lagged rainfall shock (Center for Climatic Research, University of Delaware), and Lagged amount of sanctioned NREGS funds (Department of Rural Development, Government of Andhra Pradesh)
Note: 1 crore = 10 million

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