Table 4 Estimated labor demand model by region: IV-panel fixed effects

Ln (V)

0.3597***

0.3724***

0.3935***

0.4614***

0.4337***

0.2770***

0.6402***

(0.0336)

(0.0206)

(0.0227)

(0.0149)

(0.0096)

(0.0109)

(0.0082)

M/(M + Y)

0.2437**

−0.3097***

−0.3961***

0.0214

0.0679

−0.3188***

−0.0600**

(0.0967)

(0.0922)

(0.0836)

(0.0987)

(0.0443)

(0.0688)

(0.0251)

X/Y

−0.0382

−0.0045

0.0355***

0.0212***

0.0268***

0.0172*

0.0141***

(0.0305)

(0.0358)

(0.0082)

(0.0079)

(0.0061)

(0.0096)

(0.0037)

Ln (w)

−0.5421***

−0.4406***

−0.4635***

−0.4785***

−0.4804***

−0.3649***

−0.6440***

(0.0214)

(0.0136)

(0.0172)

(0.0117)

(0.0071)

(0.0092)

(0.0062)

Ln (w)*s

0.0743***

0.0337***

0.1215***

0.0823***

0.0577***

0.0020***

0.0674***

(0.0068)

(0.0029)

(0.0065)

(0.0045)

(0.0021)

(0.0002)

(0.0016)

Constant

5.3675***

4.7048***

4.7174***

4.0743***

4.2927***

5.8563***

2.0429***

(0.4848)

(0.3097)

(0.3828)

(0.2517)

(0.1581)

(0.1741)

(0.1382)

Observations

1367

3619

2789

5235

13010

7950

16258

Number of industries

162

397

449

448

1456

1068

1501