Table 14 Demographic summary by income level
From: Minimum wage effects on employment and working time of Chinese workers——evidence based on CHNS
Observation | <90% | 90–110% | 110–130% | 130–150% | 150–170% | 170–190% | 190% above | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whole sample | 15159 | 13.02% | 8.49% | 8.78% | 10.28% | 6.65% | 10.43% | 42.35% | |
Waves | |||||||||
2004 | 3336 | 13.77% | 7.93% | 7.73% | 9.33% | 7.10% | 9.52% | 44.61% | |
2006 | 3484 | 14.68% | 9.36% | 9.67% | 10.34% | 7.43% | 11.95% | 36.57% | |
2009 | 4172 | 11.35% | 7.75% | 10.39% | 10.54% | 6.29% | 8.78% | 44.90% | |
2011 | 4167 | 12.67% | 8.93% | 7.24% | 10.70% | 5.97% | 11.51% | 42.97% | |
Gender | |||||||||
Male | 9598 | 8.91% | 6.26% | 7.70% | 9.83% | 6.61% | 11.52% | 49.17% | |
Female | 5559 | 19.28% | 11.88% | 10.42% | 10.95% | 6.68% | 8.78% | 31.99% | |
Hukou | |||||||||
Urban | 9856 | 9.77% | 7.27% | 7.69% | 8.74% | 6.05% | 10.10% | 50.39% | |
Rural | 5294 | 18.36% | 10.52% | 10.57% | 12.83% | 7.65% | 10.97% | 29.10% | |
Age cohort | |||||||||
16–29 | 2526 | 9.18% | 8.18% | 11.49% | 13.48% | 10.36% | 13.73% | 33.58% | |
30–39 | 3990 | 10.80% | 8.75% | 7.66% | 11.97% | 6.89% | 12.25% | 41.68% | |
40–49 | 5240 | 12.67% | 8.34% | 9.04% | 8.77% | 5.69% | 9.29% | 46.20% | |
50–59 | 2932 | 15.30% | 8.17% | 7.57% | 8.22% | 5.26% | 7.95% | 47.53% | |
60–65 | 313 | 34.20% | 13.85% | 8.66% | 7.79% | 3.46% | 5.63% | 26.41% | |
Education attainment | |||||||||
Illiteracy | 179 | 40.28% | 16.67% | 8.33% | 10.42% | 4.17% | 4.17% | 15.97% | |
Primary | 1609 | 27.02% | 12.02% | 12.45% | 11.34% | 6.05% | 8.95% | 22.17% | |
Junior high school | 4886 | 16.09% | 10.39% | 11.06% | 12.72% | 7.48% | 11.34% | 30.92% | |
Senior high school | 2997 | 11.45% | 9.65% | 9.28% | 10.71% | 7.26% | 11.24% | 40.40% | |
Vocational college | 2605 | 6.30% | 4.96% | 5.57% | 8.45% | 7.18% | 11.13% | 56.41% | |
University or above | 2858 | 1.69% | 3.06% | 3.71% | 5.60% | 4.29% | 8.39% | 73.26% | |
Region | |||||||||
Eastern | Shandong | 1723 | 14.50% | 10.98% | 8.17% | 14.94% | 7.91% | 11.42% | 32.07% |
Liaoning | 1855 | 12.06% | 7.60% | 6.08% | 8.49% | 8.13% | 8.94% | 48.70% | |
Jiangsu | 2480 | 21.54% | 9.32% | 11.28% | 10.68% | 3.68% | 14.48% | 29.02% | |
Central | Hunan | 1556 | 6.17% | 5.39% | 7.86% | 5.95% | 8.75% | 10.44% | 55.44% |
Hubei | 1496 | 11.33% | 9.06% | 8.20% | 10.03% | 7.44% | 8.74% | 45.20% | |
Henan | 1403 | 12.70% | 8.58% | 9.61% | 8.58% | 9.73% | 9.38% | 41.42% | |
Heilongjiang | 1797 | 5.78% | 3.78% | 5.18% | 6.27% | 3.49% | 9.96% | 65.54% | |
Western | Guizhou | 1318 | 7.37% | 7.62% | 7.75% | 9.78% | 6.10% | 8.39% | 52.99% |
Guangxi | 1531 | 17.36% | 12.47% | 13.02% | 15.79% | 6.83% | 8.86% | 25.67% | |
Employment type | |||||||||
Regular | 8001 | 7.14% | 5.44% | 6.13% | 8.63% | 6.73% | 10.32% | 55.61% | |
Contract | 2422 | 12.77% | 9.04% | 11.69% | 13.40% | 6.89% | 13.97% | 32.24% | |
Temporary | 2191 | 24.53% | 16.70% | 12.99% | 12.75% | 6.62% | 8.26% | 18.15% | |
Enterprise | |||||||||
Government | 1027 | 14.09% | 4.92% | 6.28% | 0.34% | 6.79% | 7.47% | 60.10% | |
Shiye unit | 3600 | 5.07% | 3.21% | 3.78% | 1.60% | 4.76% | 7.82% | 73.76% | |
SOE | 1867 | 8.78% | 7.54% | 9.66% | 8.51% | 7.27% | 12.06% | 46.19% | |
Collective firms | 1323 | 17.63% | 13.14% | 10.62% | 13.69% | 7.67% | 13.36% | 23.88% | |
Private firms | 5517 | 14.71% | 10.19% | 11.36% | 13.41% | 7.08% | 10.95% | 32.29% | |
Foreign enterprises | 408 | 5.95% | 7.54% | 11.51% | 13.10% | 8.33% | 20.63% | 32.94% | |