Table 6 Coefficients and standard errors estimated with model from Equation (3) for the logarithm of individual earnings as the dependent variable by income quantile, Mexico, 2000 and 2010
From: Demographic changes, educational improvements, and earnings in Brazil and Mexico
Independent variables | 2000 | 2010 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 1 quantile (up to 25th percentile) | 2 quantile (up to 50th percentile) | 3 quantile (above 75th percentile) | Total | 1 quantile (up to 25th percentile) | 2 quantile (up to 50th percentile) | 3 quantile (above 75th percentile) | |
Age-education groups – reference: 15–24 years; less than primary completed | ||||||||
15–24 years; primary completed | 0.0935 (0.0031) | 0.0844 (0.0031) | 0.0849 (0.0028) | 0.0873 (0.0035) | 0.0943 (0.0046) | 0.1303 (0.0044) | 0.0900 (0.0034) | 0.0781 (0.0040) |
15–24 years; secondary completed | 0.3263 (0.0039) | 0.2591 (0.0043) | 0.2919 (0.0038) | 0.3644 (0.0049) | 0.2612 (0.0050) | 0.2821 (0.0051) | 0.2201 (0.0039) | 0.2368 (0.0047) |
15–24 years; university completed | 0.7675 (0.0072) | 0.6633 (0.0086) | 0.7894 (0.0077) | 0.9212 (0.0098) | 0.6051 (0.0076) | 0.5523 (0.0098) | 0.5838 (0.0076) | 0.6557 (0.0090) |
25–34 years; less than primary completed | 0.1323 (0.0038) | 0.0876 (0.0038) | 0.1028 (0.0034) | 0.1191 (0.0043) | 0.1459 (0.0054) | 0.1070 (0.0051) | 0.0843 (0.0039) | 0.0944 (0.0047) |
25–34 years; primary completed | 0.3777 (0.0031) | 0.3057 (0.0031) | 0.3103 (0.0028) | 0.3555 (0.0035) | 0.3468 (0.0046) | 0.3597 (0.0044) | 0.2781 (0.0034) | 0.2768 (0.0040) |
25–34 years; secondary completed | 0.7553 (0.0035) | 0.6154 (0.0038) | 0.6891 (0.0034) | 0.8236 (0.0043) | 0.6162 (0.0048) | 0.5607 (0.0049) | 0.5122 (0.0038) | 0.5705 (0.0045) |
25–34 years; university completed | 1.2826 (0.0038) | 1.1284 (0.0042) | 1.2552 (0.0038) | 1.3990 (0.0048) | 1.0334 (0.0050) | 0.9320 (0.0055) | 0.9363 (0.0042) | 1.0232 (0.0050) |
35–49 years; less than primary completed | 0.1599 (0.0034) | 0.0755 (0.0034) | 0.1030 (0.0030) | 0.1426 (0.0038) | 0.1697 (0.0049) | 0.0975 (0.0047) | 0.0874 (0.0036) | 0.1267 (0.0043) |
35–49 years; primary completed | 0.4637 (0.0031) | 0.3414 (0.0032) | 0.3681 (0.0029) | 0.4689 (0.0036) | 0.4248 (0.0045) | 0.3812 (0.0043) | 0.3287 (0.0034) | 0.3683 (0.0040) |
35–49 years; secondary completed | 0.9608 (0.0036) | 0.7621 (0.0040) | 0.9080 (0.0036) | 1.1029 (0.0045) | 0.7826 (0.0048) | 0.6648 (0.0049) | 0.6675 (0.0038) | 0.7774 (0.0045) |
35–49 years; university completed | 1.5244 (0.0036) | 1.3490 (0.0039) | 1.5047 (0.0035) | 1.6709 (0.0045) | 1.3167 (0.0049) | 1.1680 (0.0053) | 1.2096 (0.0041) | 1.3684 (0.0049) |
50–64 years; less than primary completed | 0.0572 (0.0035) | −0.0342 (0.0035) | 0.0000 (0.0032) | 0.0462 (0.0040) | 0.0589 (0.0049) | −0.0511 (0.0047) | −0.0160 (0.0036) | 0.0395 (0.0043) |
50–64 years; primary completed | 0.4209 (0.0037) | 0.2502 (0.0040) | 0.3136 (0.0036) | 0.4679 (0.0045) | 0.3770 (0.0048) | 0.2822 (0.0047) | 0.2784 (0.0037) | 0.3654 (0.0044) |
50–64 years; secondary completed | 1.0744 (0.0058) | 0.8096 (0.0068) | 1.0394 (0.0061) | 1.3284 (0.0078) | 0.8150 (0.0055) | 0.6433 (0.0064) | 0.7161 (0.0050) | 0.9009 (0.0060) |
50–64 years; university completed | 1.6605 (0.0052) | 1.4489 (0.0060) | 1.6866 (0.0054) | 1.9154 (0.0068) | 1.3988 (0.0054) | 1.1799 (0.0064) | 1.3282 (0.0050) | 1.5311 (0.0060) |
Immigrant | 0.1387 (0.0017) | 0.1243 (0.0019) | 0.1294 (0.0017) | 0.1454 (0.0022) | 0.1479 (0.0017) | 0.1327 (0.0021) | 0.1263 (0.0016) | 0.1380 (0.0019) |
Proportion of undergraduates | 0.0058 (0.0001) | 0.0060 (0.0001) | 0.0073 (0.0001) | 0.0099 (0.0001) | 0.0082 (0.0001) | 0.0132 (0.0002) | 0.0135 (0.0001) | 0.0140 (0.0001) |
Urbanization rate | 0.0052 (0.0000) | 0.0044 (0.0000) | 0.0035 (0.0000) | 0.0030 (0.0000) | 0.0038 (0.0000) | 0.0037 (0.0000) | 0.0025 (0.0000) | 0.0023 (0.0000) |
Unemployment rate | −0.0144 (0.0009) | −0.0004ns (0.0008) | −0.0007ns (0.0007) | −0.0026 (0.0009) | 0.0012 (0.0005) | 0.0066 (0.0004) | 0.0067 (0.0003) | 0.0053 (0.0003) |
Regions – reference: Northeast (“Nordeste”) | ||||||||
Northwest (“Noroeste”) | 0.1166 (0.0020) | 0.0900 (0.0024) | 0.1049 (0.0022) | 0.1393 (0.0027) | 0.1035 (0.0021) | 0.0142 (0.0030) | 0.0252 (0.0023) | 0.0369 (0.0028) |
West (“Ocidente”) | 0.0014ns (0.0019) | 0.0247 (0.0022) | 0.0342 (0.0019) | 0.0309 (0.0025) | 0.0850 (0.0020) | 0.0336 (0.0026) | 0.0503 (0.0020) | 0.0342 (0.0024) |
East (“Oriente”) | −0.2247 (0.0017) | −0.2860 (0.0018) | −0.2442 (0.0017) | −0.2314 (0.0021) | −0.1487 (0.0020) | −0.2693 (0.0024) | −0.2260 (0.0018) | −0.2055 (0.0022) |
Center-North (“Centro-Norte”) | 0.0200 (0.0020) | −0.0255 (0.0023) | −0.0010ns (0.0020) | 0.00628 (0.0026) | 0.0108 (0.0021) | −0.0776 (0.0028) | −0.0641 (0.0022) | −0.0630 (0.0026) |
Center-South (“Centro-Sul”) | −0.1013 (0.0015) | −0.1081 (0.0018) | −0.1012 (0.0016) | −0.1015 (0.0020) | −0.0411 (0.0017) | −0.1195 (0.0025) | −0.0800 (0.0019) | −0.0670 (0.0023) |
Southeast (“Sudeste”) | −0.2511 (0.0025) | −0.3598 (0.0027) | −0.2868 (0.0024) | −0.2378 (0.0031) | −0.0541 (0.0026) | −0.2258 (0.0031) | −0.1800 (0.0024) | −0.1487 (0.0028) |
Southwest (“Sudoeste”) | −0.2861 (0.0021) | −0.3111 (0.0022) | −0.2122 (0.0019) | −0.1413 (0.0025) | −0.2473 (0.0024) | −0.3880 (0.0026) | −0.2662 (0.0020) | −0.1919 (0.0024) |
Constant | 6.9452 (0.0036) | 6.7441 (0.0034) | 7.0710 (0.0031) | 7.3596 (0.0039) | 7.6936 (0.0051) | 7.4102 (0.0049) | 7.8288 (0.0037) | 8.1385 (0.0045) |
Number of observations | 1,733,662 | 1,900,671 | ||||||
Adjusted R-squared | 0.3858 | 0.2761 | ||||||
Pseudo R-squared | 0.2099 | 0.2407 | 0.2755 | 0.1484 | 0.1584 | 0.1902 | ||