Table 7 Selection equation estimation results

Age

−0.003 ^c

0.001

−0.0004

−0.004 ^b

0.006 ^a

−0.002

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.001)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.002)

Children

−0.023

0.031

0.051

−0.033

0.109 ^b

0.129 ^b

(0.046)

(0.038)

(0.036)

(0.051)

(0.041)

(0.040)

Education

−0.083 ^a

−0.077 ^a

−0.111 ^a

−0.108 ^a

−0.060 ^a

−0.110 ^a

(0.010)

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.010)

(0.009)

(0.009)

Married

−0.028

0.017

−0.075 ^b

0.057

0.024

−0.079 ^b

(0.045)

(0.039)

(0.038)

(0.038)

(0.034)

(0.035)

Kazakh

−0.366 ^a

−0.302 ^a

−0.426 ^a

−0.150 ^b

−0.206 ^a

−0.385 ^a

(0.056)

(0.053)

(0.046)

(0.063)

(0.060)

(0.057)

European

−0.589 ^a

−0.524 ^a

−0.657 ^a

−0.393 ^a

−0.403 ^a

−0.671 ^a

(0.058)

(0.055)

(0.051)

(0.065)

(0.061)

(0.060)

Tenure

−0.095 ^a

−0.077 ^a

−0.054 ^a

−0.142 ^a

−0.150 ^a

−0.118 ^a

(0.014)

(0.013)

(0.013)

(0.014)

(0.013)

(0.014)

Hours

−0.027 ^a

−0.009 ^b

−0.013 ^a

−0.024 ^a

−0.018 ^a

−0.016 ^a

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

Professional

−0.711 ^a

−0.560 ^a

−0.611 ^a

−0.878 ^a

−0.979 ^a

−0.825 ^a

(0.091)

(0.068)

(0.066)

(0.077)

(0.066)

(0.063)

Urban

−0.182 ^a

−0.121 ^a

−0.131 ^a

−0.001

−0.031

−0.102 ^b

(0.038)

(0.033)

(0.032)

(0.039)

(0.035)

(0.035)

Almaty/Astana

−0.476 ^a

−0.546 ^a

−0.472 ^a

−0.349 ^a

−0.631 ^a

−0.459 ^a

(0.067)

(0.059)

(0.055)

(0.070)

(0.068)

(0.067)

Experience

1.544 ^a

1.439 ^a

1.491 ^a

1.590 ^a

1.597 ^a

1.671 ^a

(0.047)

(0.046)

(0.048)

(0.051)

(0.052)

(0.052)

Constant

1.943 ^a

0.852 ^a

1.689 ^a

1.970 ^a

1.004 ^a

1.913 ^a

(0.172)

(0.172)

(0.165)

(0.179)

(0.178)

(0.190)

N (total)

10527

11827

11608

10600

11437

11719