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Table 1 Instrument validity test (household head)

From: Conditional cash transfer and informality in Brazil

 

Total sample

Sample I

Sample II

 

All households receiving the PBF benefit

Households with PCHIs < R$ 700.00

Households with PCHIs > R$ 50.00 and PCHIs < $ 700.00

 

Coef.

Optimal window

Coef.

Optimal window

Coef.

Optimal window

λ2

0.057

1.61

0.081

1.78

0.081

1.76

(standard error)

(0.049)

 

(0.030)

 

(0.030)

 

λ2 (bandwidth = 110)

0.062

1.77

0,069

1.96

0.076

1.93

(standard error

(0.025)

 

(0.029)

 

(0.029)

 

λ2 (bandwidth = 125)

0.066

2.01

0.059

2.23

0.065

2.20

erro-padĂŁo)

(0.024)

 

(0.027)

 

(0.027)

 

λ2 (bandwidth = 150)

0.089

2.41

0.062

2.67

0.066

2.64

(standard error)

(0.042)

 

(0.025)

 

(0.026)

 

F-test1

67,781

 

5,009

 

7,781

 

p-value

0.000

 

0.000

 

0.000

 
  1. Source: 2006 PNAD.
  2. Note: F-statistics are related to regressions with results reported in the first line.