Table 3 Augmented Mincerian earnings equations (aged 15–25 years)
All | Men | Women | Teenagers | Young adults | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women | -0.0006 | (omitted) | (omitted) | 0.2898 | -0.0355 |
Natural log of weekly hours | 0.2146*** | 0.3200*** | 0.0945 | 0.2893 | 0.2270** |
Education (baseline: elementary or below) | |||||
Vocational | 0.1095 | 0.0982 | -0.0884 | 0.9722 | 0.0866 |
Highsec | 0.2001*** | 0.1824 | 0.0942 | 0.493 | 0.1716** |
University or above | 0.3666*** | 0.6241** | 0.0881 | (omitted) | 0.2955** |
Overeducation | -0.085 | -0.0973 | -0.096 | -0.1951 | -0.0914 |
Overskilling | 0.0758 | 0.1812* | -0.0361 | 0.3605 | 0.0829 |
Job tenure | -0.0157 | 0.0078 | -0.0406* | -0.0025 | -0.0082 |
Civil status (baseline: single with no children) | |||||
Women with children | -0.0461 | (omitted) | -0.0535 | (omitted) | -0.0219 |
Men with children | -0.038 | -0.1014 | (omitted) | (omitted) | -0.0504 |
Women engaged | 0.0941 | (omitted) | 0.0685 | 2.7038** | 0.0953 |
Men engaged | 0.0986 | 0.0087 | (omitted) | (omitted) | 0.1212 |
Women married, separated, divorced | 0.1093 | (omitted) | 0.1379 | (omitted) | 0.0835 |
Men married, separated, divorced | 0.0154 | 0.0121 | (omitted) | -0.6939 | -0.0104 |
Ethnic group (baseline: albanian) | |||||
Serbian | -0.5123*** | -0.2827* | -0.6319*** | -0.822 | -0.4077*** |
Roma | 0.0902 | 0.0644 | 0.5021* | -0.3615 | 0.2258* |
Turkish | -0.0681 | -0.0923 | 0.0079 | 0.3328 | -0.0285 |
Bosnian | 0.0758 | (omitted) | 0.1312 | -0.8624 | (omitted) |
Registered at the Public employment Services when unemployed | 0.0133 | 0.1056 | -0.0228 | -0.4964 | -0.0373 |
Type of job search used to find the current job (baseline: through own’ network of relatives and friends) | |||||
Educational institutions | -0.1028 | -0.0712 | 0.0115 | 1.2673 | -0.0231 |
Direct contact with employer | -0.0693 | -0.0472 | -0.0164 | -0.4706 | -0.0748 |
Search through the PES | -0.0325 | (omitted) | -0.0766 | 1.063 | 0.0085 |
Labor contractor | -0.1084 | -0.3537 | 0.0735 | 0.3732 | 0.0638 |
Other search method | -0.1611 | 0.0146 | -1.1659*** | 0.6252 | (omitted) |
Job advertisement | -0.0146 | 0.0997 | -0.0437 | -1.1517 | 0.0089 |
Type of working contract (baseline: no contract) | |||||
Written contract | 0.0891 | 0.0177 | -0.0684 | 0.1381 | 0.0049 |
Oral contract | 0.0486 | -0.0035 | -0.0823 | -0.4332 | -0.0044 |
Length of contract (baseline: no contract) | |||||
Unlimited | 0.0844 | 0.1804 | 0.1689 | 0.0317 | 0.1341* |
1 year or less | 0.0823 | 0.1651 | 0.2345 | 0.3315 | 0.1019 |
From 1 to 3 years | 0.0919 | 0.1472 | 0.2238 | 0.1663 | 0.0948 |
Firm’s ownership (baseline: private company) | |||||
Family business | 0.008 | 0.1596 | -0.0463 | 0.2726 | -0.0621 |
Government / public sector | -0.2194*** | 0.0837 | -0.3152*** | -2.175 | -0.1652* |
Multinational corporation | 0.5323** | (omitted) | 0.4287* | -1.7853 | 0.6153** |
Joint venture | 0.0327 | -0.0135 | 0.1385 | 1.6849 | 0.302 |
Nonprofit organization | 0.1493 | 0.2569 | 0.0211 | -0.4166 | 0.3106** |
Other | 0.2184 | 0.2457 | 0.1746 | (omitted) | 0.1321 |
Size of firm (baseline: less than 5 workers) | |||||
From 5 to 9 workers | 0.2094*** | 0.2988*** | 0.1662* | 0.3255 | 0.2596*** |
From 10 to 19 workers | 0.1159 | 0.1436 | 0.1810* | 0.0128 | 0.1595** |
More than 20 workers | 0.1865*** | 0.1645 | 0.2921*** | 1.1227* | 0.1620** |
Does not know the size of the firm | 0.1495 | -0.0285 | 0.2955** | 0.492 | 0.1449 |
Sector of activity (baseline: trade fairs) | |||||
Finance | 0.4182*** | 0.7041*** | 0.2201 | (omitted) | 0.3760** |
Public administration | -0.0105 | -0.0981 | -0.0104 | (omitted) | -0.0326 |
Manufacturing | 0.0883 | 0.1935 | -0.0011 | 0.4889 | 0.0755 |
Trade, hotels and restaurants | 0.0519 | 0.0738 | 0.1108 | 0.4532 | -0.0235 |
Real estate | 0.1611 | 0.1448 | (omitted) | (omitted) | 0.044 |
Transportation and telecommunications | 0.2294** | 0.3692** | 0.1032 | 0.0259 | 0.1809* |
Constructions | -0.0231 | -0.1436 | 0.0943 | 3.0073** | -0.0376 |
Social services | -0.0798 | 0.0009 | -0.1504* | 0.6861** | -0.1259* |
Electricity | 0.0647 | 0.1288 | (omitted) | (omitted) | 0.0269 |
Moonlighting | 0.1984* | 0.2965 | 0.1202 | (omitted) | 0.145 |
Job satisfaction (baseline: mainly satisfied) | |||||
Partly satisfied | -0.1663*** | -0.1414 | -0.1767*** | -0.3472 | -0.1414*** |
Not satisfied | -0.2897*** | -0.3642* | -0.2343* | -0.7205* | -0.2048** |
Waiting time before finding the current job (baseline: less than a week) | |||||
1 through 4 weeks | -0.0222 | -0.0799 | 0.0337 | -0.8459** | -0.0239 |
From 1 to 2 months | -0.07 | -0.0547 | -0.0201 | 0.5689* | -0.1912** |
From 3 to 6 months | 0.0019 | -0.0321 | -0.0262 | 0.7232 | -0.0556 |
From 6 to 12 months | -0.1017 | -0.1858 | -0.0388 | 0.4599 | -0.1953** |
More than 13 months | -0.0844 | -0.1092 | -0.0792 | 0.4616 | -0.1682* |
On-the-job training (baseline: no training) | |||||
Apprenticeship type | 0.0453 | 0.0541 | 0.1271 | 0.8838 | 0.1072 |
Non apprenticeship type | -0.0501 | -0.1088 | 0.0538 | -1.0425 | -0.0248 |
Non job related training | -0.025 | -0.1755 | -0.0167 | 0.6032 | -0.0606 |
Business development | 0.0375 | -0.0901 | 0.052 | (omitted) | 0.058 |
Accounting | 0.173 | (omitted) | 0.326 | (omitted) | 0.1082 |
Union membership | 0.0459 | 0.0909 | 0.1196 | 2.4004 | 0.0485 |
Constant | 4.1311*** | 3.5603*** | 4.8066*** | 2.7633* | 4.2217*** |
Nobs | 315 | 154 | 161 | 58 | 257 |
R 2 | 0.507 | 0.519 | 0.676 | 0.942 | 0.549 |