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Table 7 Heterogeneity of losses of displaced urban workers by: ownership type of firm, level of development, and gender

From: The costs of worker displacement in urban labor markets of China

 

Panel 1

Ownership

Private

SOE

 

Demographic and ownership controls

All controls

Demographic and ownership controls

All controls

 

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

Unemployment spell

4.758***

6.803***

4.431***

9.836***

8.063***

6.980***

7.311***

9.515***

 

(1.493)

(2.182)

(1.528)

(1.826)

(1.543)

(2.392)

(1.626)

(2.209)

Salary

-0.189***

-0.247***

-0.198***

-0.111*

-0.429***

-0.438***

-0.340***

-0.278***

 

(0.050)

(0.081)

(0.046)

(0.076)

(0.026)

(0.057)

(0.025)

(0.048)

Hours

-3.204***

-1.016

-2.541***

-1.421

4.207***

4.984***

3.461***

4.010***

 

(0.974)

(1.340)

(0.960)

(1.310)

(0.418)

(0.717)

(0.447)

(0.684)

Informal employment

0.014

0.066**

0.016

0.044

0.123***

0.122***

0.121***

0.115***

 

(0.025)

(0.036)

(0.024)

(0.034)

(0.011)

(0.018)

(0.011)

(0.016)

Self-employment

-0.125***

-0.063**

-0.103***

-0.092***

0.071***

0.080***

0.059***

0.066***

 

(0.023)

(0.032)

(0.022)

(0.030)

(0.008)

(0.013)

(0.009)

(0.013)

Health

0.000

0.022

-0.001

0.007

-0.022***

-0.025**

-0.019***

-0.011

 

(0.010)

(0.020)

(0.010)

(0.016)

(0.007)

(0.014)

(0.007)

(0.012)

Happiness

-0.026**

-0.011

-0.029

-0.048**

-0.039***

-0.042**

-0.034***

-0.024

 

(0.019)

(0.033)

(0.020)

(0.029)

(0.012)

(0.023)

(0.013)

(0.023)

Feel depressed

0.052***

0.054***

0.052***

0.065***

0.013***

0.021**

0.014***

0.004

 

(0.016)

(0.026)

(0.017)

(0.026)

(0.008)

(0.013)

(0.009)

(0.014)

BMI

0.087

-0.270

0.069

-0.198

0.012

-0.468**

0.007

0.009

 

(0.176)

(0.292)

(0.178)

(0.267)

(0.103)

(0.213)

(0.110)

(0.167)

 

Panel 2

Level of development

Cities in developed regions#

Cities in less developed regions##

 

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

Unemployment spell

10.809***

11.998***

9.408***

6.395***

4.477***

5.547***

3.949***

6.846***

 

(1.751)

(2.530)

(1.959)

(2.959)

(1.234)

(2.052)

(1.310)

(1.848)

Salary

-0.397***

-0.340***

-0.349***

-0.301***

-0.297***

-0.173***

-0.262***

-0.226***

 

(0.030)

(0.051)

(0.031)

(0.051)

(0.032)

(0.063)

(0.032)

(0.055)

Hours

2.319***

1.911**

2.539***

2.350***

0.858*

2.328***

1.162***

1.737***

 

(0.595)

(1.026)

(0.622)

(0.972)

(0.545)

(0.968)

(0.563)

(0.816)

Informal employment

0.103***

0.098***

0.108***

0.118***

0.068***

0.072***

0.083***

0.100***

 

(0.013)

(0.023)

(0.015)

(0.021)

(0.015)

(0.025)

(0.016)

(0.024)

Self-employment

0.002

-0.007

0.009

0.013

0.004

0.043**

0.006

0.033***

 

(0.012)

(0.023)

(0.013)

(0.022)

(0.012)

(0.021)

(0.013)

(0.019)

Health

-0.010

-0.017

-0.017

-0.020**

-0.015

-0.024**

-0.014*

-0.005

 

(0.008)

(0.015)

(0.008)

(0.014)

(0.008)

(0.017)

(0.008)

(0.014)

Happiness

-0.047***

-0.081***

-0.046***

-0.028

-0.019

-0.025

-0.018

-0.011

 

(0.014)

(0.023)

(0.015)

(0.025)

(0.015)

(0.028)

(0.015)

(0.026)

Feel depressed

0.018

0.019

0.032***

0.009

0.008

0.002

0.019

0.007

 

(0.011)

(0.018)

(0.011)

(0.019)

(0.010)

(0.019)

(0.011)

(0.017)

BMI

-0.237***

-0.327*

-0.066

-0.054

0.191*

-0.268

0.173*

-0.011

 

(0.115)

(0.202)

(0.124)

(0.193)

(0.128)

(0.260)

(0.137)

(0.216)

 

Panel 3

Gender

Female

Male

 

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

ols

pscore

Unemployment spell

6.915***

3.912

5.362***

1.256

8.540***

8.890***

7.238***

10.151***

 

(1.650)

(3.075)

(1.820)

(3.384)

(1.319)

(1.854)

(1.427)

(1.914)

Salary

-0.307***

-0.283***

-0.288***

-0.260***

-0.383***

-0.458***

-0.329***

-0.326***

 

(0.033)

(0.082)

(0.032)

(0.061)

(0.031)

(0.064)

(0.030)

(0.049)

Hours

0.318

1.387

0.593

1.480*

2.660***

4.257***

2.650***

2.708***

 

(0.600)

(1.156)

(0.632)

(0.866)

(0.555)

(0.954)

(0.568)

(0.902)

Informal employment

0.087***

0.094***

0.086***

0.095***

0.086***

0.088***

0.098***

0.108***

 

(0.015)

(0.029)

(0.017)

(0.025)

(0.013)

(0.026)

(0.014)

(0.021)

Self-employment

-0.009

0.015

-0.009

0.021

0.014

0.052***

0.016

0.015

 

(0.011)

(0.025)

(0.013)

(0.018)

(0.013)

(0.027)

(0.013)

(0.022)

Health

-0.010

-0.017

-0.016

-0.023

-0.014

-0.029**

-0.014

0.001

 

(0.008)

(0.022)

(0.009)

(0.015)

(0.008)

(0.019)

(0.008)

(0.014)

Happiness

-0.025**

-0.017

-0.022*

-0.034

-0.046***

-0.005

-0.042***

-0.021

 

(0.013)

(0.030)

(0.015)

(0.021)

(0.015)

(0.035)

(0.016)

(0.027)

Feel depressed

0.002

-0.002

0.018

0.000

0.028**

0.028

0.032***

0.003

 

(0.010)

(0.021)

(0.011)

(0.015)

(0.011)

(0.020)

(0.012)

(0.019)

BMI

0.171*

-0.314

0.153

-0.034

-0.251***

-0.553***

-0.188**

-0.225*

 

(0.119)

(0.302)

(0.130)

(0.215)

(0.122)

(0.259)

(0.127)

(0.195)

  1. Notes: Female displaced, quitters and stayers 665, 857 and 1619 respectively;
  2. Male displaced, quitters and stayers 681, 741 and 1940 respectively.
  3. Private displaced, quitters and stayers 273, 950 and 1029 respectively;
  4. SOE displaced, quitters and stayers 1068, 646 and 2011 respectively.
  5. # Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuxi, Hangzhou, Ningbo: displaced, quitters and stayers 629, 911 and 1562 respectively;
  6. ## Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Hefei, Bengbu, Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu: displaced, quitters and stayers 717, 687 and 1998 respectively.
  7. Source: authors’ calculations based on 2009 wave of RUMIC data set.