Table 6 Poisson estimation of preferred and actual fertility
From: Jobs and kids: female employment and fertility in China
Variables | Poisson estimation (coefficient) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Preferred number of children | Actual number of children | |||
Female employment status | ||||
Not employed (reference) | ||||
Employed | −0.044 | (0.026)* | −0.085 | (0.026)*** |
Other explanatory variables | ||||
Household annual income in natural log | 0.008 | (0.005) | 0.007 | (0.004)* |
Ethnic minority (wife and/or husband) | 0.004 | (0.031) | 0.033 | (0.031) |
Age | −0.004 | (0.012) | 0.081 | (0.012)*** |
Age squared | 0.001 | (0.001) | −0.001 | (0.0002)*** |
Married | 0.066 | (0.101) | 0.088 | (0.096) |
The first child is a son | −0.071 | (0.017)*** | −0.067 | (0.017)*** |
Wife has siblings | 0.041 | (0.050) | 0.049 | (0.053) |
Husband has siblings | 0.038 | (0.046) | 0.020 | (0.046) |
Smoking | −0.040 | (0.082) | −0.019 | (0.080) |
Drinking alcohol | 0.054 | (0.030)* | 0.018 | (0.031) |
Health insurance | 0.043 | (0.020)** | 0.032 | (0.021) |
Education | ||||
Less than primary school (reference) | ||||
Primary school | −0.063 | (0.031)** | −0.057 | (0.031)* |
Lower middle school | −0.108 | (0.028)*** | −0.100 | (0.028)*** |
Upper middle school | −0.177 | (0.035)*** | −0.179 | (0.035)*** |
Technologic school | −0.270 | (0.052)*** | −0.234 | (0.049)*** |
College | −0.218 | (0.063)*** | −0.237 | (0.053)*** |
Occupation | ||||
Worker (reference) | ||||
Professional | −0.047 | (0.053) | −0.011 | (0.047) |
Manager | −0.070 | (0.076) | −0.028 | (0.067) |
Staff | −0.043 | (0.057) | −0.026 | (0.051) |
Other occupations | −0.023 | (0.057) | 0.010 | (0.057) |
Health status | ||||
Excellent (reference) | ||||
Good | 0.016 | (0.025) | −0.020 | (0.025) |
Fair | 0.014 | (0.030) | −0.030 | (0.029) |
Poor | −0.015 | (0.046) | −0.037 | (0.048) |
Province | ||||
Heilongjiang (reference) | ||||
Liaoning | 0.097 | (0.034)*** | 0.077 | (0.033)** |
Jiangsu | 0.022 | (0.039) | −0.005 | (0.038) |
Shandong | 0.096 | (0.039)*** | 0.039 | (0.039) |
Henan | 0.344 | (0.033)*** | 0.314 | (0.032)*** |
Hubei | 0.190 | (0.037)*** | 0.167 | (0.035)*** |
Hunan | 0.257 | (0.036)*** | 0.156 | (0.035)*** |
Guangxi | 0.179 | (0.048)*** | 0.160 | (0.049)*** |
Guizhou | 0.330 | (0.041)*** | 0.311 | (0.040)*** |
Village or neighborhood population (in 1000) | −0.006 | (0.003)*** | −0.007 | (0.002)*** |
Han nationality allowed to have two children if the first child is female | 0.120 | (0.021)*** | 0.161 | (0.021)*** |
Receiving a subsidy if having one child | −0.129 | (0.023)*** | −0.103 | (0.022)*** |
Urban | −0.126 | (0.036)*** | −0.163 | (0.030)*** |
Constant | 0.133 | (0.277) | −1.803 | (0.271)*** |