Table 7 Poisson estimations with two-stage residual inclusion
From: Jobs and kids: female employment and fertility in China
Variables | Poisson estimation with two-stage residual inclusion (coefficient) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Preferred number of children | Actual number of children | |||
Female employment status | ||||
Not employed (reference) | ||||
Employed | −0.230 | (0.121)** | −0.367 | (0.120)*** |
Residual from the first stage | 0.110 | (0.068)* | 0.167 | (0.068)** |
Other explanatory variables | ||||
Household annual income in natural log | 0.013 | (0.006)** | 0.013 | (0.005)*** |
Ethnic minority (wife and/or husband) | −0.010 | (0.033) | 0.010 | (0.034) |
Age | 0.002 | (0.013) | 0.089 | (0.013)*** |
Age squared | 0.001 | (0.001) | −0.001 | (0.0002)*** |
Married | 0.059 | (0.103) | 0.077 | (0.099) |
The first child is a son | −0.069 | (0.018)*** | −0.063 | (0.017)*** |
Wife has siblings | 0.038 | (0.051) | 0.043 | (0.053) |
Husband has siblings | 0.038 | (0.046) | 0.021 | (0.046) |
Smoking | −0.053 | (0.084) | −0.039 | (0.084) |
Drinking alcohol | 0.062 | (0.034)* | 0.032 | (0.032) |
Health insurance | 0.047 | (0.021)** | 0.038 | (0.021)* |
Education | ||||
Less than primary school (reference) | ||||
Primary school | −0.056 | (0.032)* | −0.048 | (0.032) |
Lower middle school | −0.081 | (0.033)** | −0.059 | (0.032)* |
Upper middle school | −0.145 | (0.041)*** | −0.131 | (0.042)*** |
Technologic school | −0.201 | (0.065)*** | −0.128 | (0.061)** |
College | −0.130 | (0.082) | −0.104 | (0.076) |
Occupation | ||||
Worker (reference) | ||||
Professional | −0.045 | (0.054) | −0.008 | (0.049) |
Manager | −0.069 | (0.077) | −0.027 | (0.070) |
Staff | −0.043 | (0.057) | −0.025 | (0.051) |
Other occupations | −0.027 | (0.059) | 0.006 | (0.057) |
Health status | ||||
Excellent (reference) | ||||
Good | 0.004 | (0.027) | −0.038 | (0.028) |
Fair | 0.005 | (0.029) | −0.043 | (0.031) |
Poor | −0.044 | (0.053) | −0.080 | (0.053) |
Province | ||||
Heilongjiang (reference) | ||||
Liaoning | 0.128 | (0.040)*** | 0.125 | (0.039)*** |
Jiangsu | 0.071 | (0.051) | 0.069 | (0.051) |
Shandong | 0.139 | (0.048)*** | 0.103 | (0.047)** |
Henan | 0.349 | (0.033)*** | 0.320 | (0.034)*** |
Hubei | 0.211 | (0.039)*** | 0.199 | (0.037)*** |
Hunan | 0.260 | (0.035)*** | 0.160 | (0.036)*** |
Guangxi | 0.224 | (0.058)*** | 0.227 | (0.059)*** |
Guizhou | 0.360 | (0.046)*** | 0.356 | (0.045)*** |
Village or neighborhood population (in 1000) | −0.006 | (0.003)*** | −0.007 | (0.002)*** |
Han nationality allowed to have two children if the first child is female | 0.112 | (0.022)*** | 0.150 | (0.024)*** |
Receiving a subsidy if having one child | −0.125 | (0.022)*** | −0.097 | (0.024)*** |
Urban | −0.051 | (0.059) | −0.049 | (0.056) |
Constant | 0.032 | (0.269) | −1.954 | (0.274)*** |